Exercise : Geography - General Questions
✔ Geography -
General Questions
31.
The term 'Ecosystem' was first coined by:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
2. The term was first proposed by the British botanist Arthur George (A.G.) Tansley.
3. He introduced the concept in a publication in 1935 to describe the basic unit of nature.
4. This concept integrated the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components into a single system.
2. The term was first proposed by the British botanist Arthur George (A.G.) Tansley.
3. He introduced the concept in a publication in 1935 to describe the basic unit of nature.
4. This concept integrated the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components into a single system.
32.
'Kyoto Protocol' is related to:
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997.
2. It was designed to address global warming and climate change.
3. The protocol mandates that industrialized nations reduce their greenhouse gas emissions (such as $CO_2$ and methane).
4. It is based on the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities'.
2. It was designed to address global warming and climate change.
3. The protocol mandates that industrialized nations reduce their greenhouse gas emissions (such as $CO_2$ and methane).
4. It is based on the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibilities'.
33.
Which gas is mainly responsible for the 'Greenhouse Effect'?
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. The greenhouse effect is the process by which radiation from a planet's atmosphere warms the planet's surface.
2. While several gases contribute (methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide), Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$) is the most significant due to human activities.
3. $CO_2$ molecules trap infrared radiation (heat) that would otherwise escape into space.
4. The increase in $CO_2$ concentration from burning fossil fuels is the primary driver of modern global warming.
2. While several gases contribute (methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide), Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$) is the most significant due to human activities.
3. $CO_2$ molecules trap infrared radiation (heat) that would otherwise escape into space.
4. The increase in $CO_2$ concentration from burning fossil fuels is the primary driver of modern global warming.
34.
The 'Red Data Book' is published by:
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. The Red Data Book is a public document that records endangered and rare species of plants, animals, and fungi.
2. It is compiled and published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
3. Species are categorized into different levels of threat, such as 'Extinct', 'Critically Endangered', and 'Vulnerable'.
4. It serves as a global standard for assessing the conservation status of species.
2. It is compiled and published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
3. Species are categorized into different levels of threat, such as 'Extinct', 'Critically Endangered', and 'Vulnerable'.
4. It serves as a global standard for assessing the conservation status of species.
35.
Eutrophication leads to the depletion of:
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. Eutrophication occurs when a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients (mostly nitrogen and phosphorus).
2. This nutrient surplus causes excessive growth of algae (algal blooms).
3. When these algae die, they are decomposed by bacteria.
4. This decomposition process consumes large amounts of Dissolved Oxygen ($DO$), leading to 'dead zones' where aquatic life cannot survive.
2. This nutrient surplus causes excessive growth of algae (algal blooms).
3. When these algae die, they are decomposed by bacteria.
4. This decomposition process consumes large amounts of Dissolved Oxygen ($DO$), leading to 'dead zones' where aquatic life cannot survive.
36.
'Agenda 21' was a product of:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally, and locally by organizations of the UN.
2. It was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).
3. This conference is better known as the 'Rio Earth Summit', held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992.
4. The '21' refers to the 21st century, focusing on sustainable development.
2. It was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).
3. This conference is better known as the 'Rio Earth Summit', held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992.
4. The '21' refers to the 21st century, focusing on sustainable development.
37.
Which is the first National Park of India?
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. India's first national park was established in 1936.
2. It was originally named Hailey National Park, after the then Governor of the United Provinces.
3. After independence, it was renamed Ramganga National Park and eventually Jim Corbett National Park in 1956.
4. It is located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand and was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative.
2. It was originally named Hailey National Park, after the then Governor of the United Provinces.
3. After independence, it was renamed Ramganga National Park and eventually Jim Corbett National Park in 1956.
4. It is located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand and was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative.
38.
Biodiversity hotspots are areas with:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. The concept of biodiversity hotspots was introduced by Norman Myers in 1988.
2. To qualify, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (species found nowhere else).
3. It must also have lost at least 70% of its original native vegetation.
4. Therefore, these are areas with high species richness and high endemism facing significant threats.
2. To qualify, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (species found nowhere else).
3. It must also have lost at least 70% of its original native vegetation.
4. Therefore, these are areas with high species richness and high endemism facing significant threats.
39.
The 'Montreux Record' is related to:
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. The Montreux Record is a register of wetland sites on the List of Wetlands of International Importance.
2. It is maintained under the Ramsar Convention.
3. It lists sites where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments or pollution.
4. In India, Keoladeo National Park and Loktak Lake are currently on this record.
2. It is maintained under the Ramsar Convention.
3. It lists sites where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments or pollution.
4. In India, Keoladeo National Park and Loktak Lake are currently on this record.
40.
'Project Tiger' was launched in India in the year:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
1. Project Tiger is a tiger conservation program launched by the Government of India.
2. It was initiated in April 1973 during Indira Gandhi's tenure as Prime Minister.
3. The project aims to ensure a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats and protect them from extinction.
4. It started with 9 reserves and has grown to over 50 across the country.
2. It was initiated in April 1973 during Indira Gandhi's tenure as Prime Minister.
3. The project aims to ensure a viable population of Bengal tigers in their natural habitats and protect them from extinction.
4. It started with 9 reserves and has grown to over 50 across the country.