Exercise : Polity - General Questions
✔ Polity -
General Questions
71.
How many types of Emergencies are mentioned in the Constitution?
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
The Constitution of India provides for three types of emergencies:
1. National Emergency (Article 352): Due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
2. State Emergency/President's Rule (Article 356): Due to failure of constitutional machinery in states.
3. Financial Emergency (Article 360): Due to threat to the financial stability or credit of India.
1. National Emergency (Article 352): Due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
2. State Emergency/President's Rule (Article 356): Due to failure of constitutional machinery in states.
3. Financial Emergency (Article 360): Due to threat to the financial stability or credit of India.
72.
National Emergency (Art 352) can be declared on grounds of:
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Explanation:
Article 352 allows the President to declare a National Emergency when the security of India is threatened by 'war', 'external aggression', or 'armed rebellion'.
Originally, the third ground was 'internal disturbance'.
The 44th Amendment Act (1978) substituted 'internal disturbance' with 'armed rebellion' to prevent its misuse.
Originally, the third ground was 'internal disturbance'.
The 44th Amendment Act (1978) substituted 'internal disturbance' with 'armed rebellion' to prevent its misuse.
73.
Financial Emergency (Art 360) has been declared in India:
View Answer
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Explanation:
Article 360 provides for the declaration of a Financial Emergency if the financial stability or credit of India is threatened.
Once declared, it must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within two months.
To date, a Financial Emergency has never been declared in India, not even during the economic crisis of 1991.
Once declared, it must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within two months.
To date, a Financial Emergency has never been declared in India, not even during the economic crisis of 1991.
74.
Constitutional Amendments are dealt with under:
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
Article 368 in Part XX of the Constitution deals with the powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure.
It provides for two types of amendments: by a special majority of Parliament, and by a special majority of Parliament plus ratification by half of the state legislatures.
However, Parliament cannot amend provisions which form the 'basic structure' of the Constitution.
It provides for two types of amendments: by a special majority of Parliament, and by a special majority of Parliament plus ratification by half of the state legislatures.
However, Parliament cannot amend provisions which form the 'basic structure' of the Constitution.
75.
"Anti-Defection Law" was added by which Amendment?
View Answer
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Explanation:
The 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985, introduced the Anti-Defection Law.
It added the 10th Schedule to the Constitution, which provides for the disqualification of members of Parliament and State Legislatures on the ground of defection.
This was done to bring stability to the government by checking the practice of legislators changing parties for personal gain.
It added the 10th Schedule to the Constitution, which provides for the disqualification of members of Parliament and State Legislatures on the ground of defection.
This was done to bring stability to the government by checking the practice of legislators changing parties for personal gain.
76.
The voting age was reduced from 21 to 18 by:
View Answer
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Explanation:
The 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988, reduced the voting age for elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.
It lowered the age from 21 years to 18 years.
This was done to encourage greater participation of the youth in the democratic process.
It lowered the age from 21 years to 18 years.
This was done to encourage greater participation of the youth in the democratic process.
77.
The "Basic Structure" doctrine was propounded in which case?
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
In the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme Court ruled that while Parliament has the power to amend any part of the Constitution, it cannot alter its 'basic structure'.
This doctrine acts as a check on the amending power of the Parliament.
Elements of the basic structure include the supremacy of the Constitution, secularism, and the separation of powers.
This doctrine acts as a check on the amending power of the Parliament.
Elements of the basic structure include the supremacy of the Constitution, secularism, and the separation of powers.
78.
Panchayati Raj was given constitutional status by:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, gave constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions.
It added Part IX and the 11th Schedule to the Constitution.
This amendment mandated the creation of a three-tier system of Panchayats at the village, intermediate, and district levels.
It added Part IX and the 11th Schedule to the Constitution.
This amendment mandated the creation of a three-tier system of Panchayats at the village, intermediate, and district levels.
79.
Municipalities were added by which Amendment?
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, gave constitutional status to municipalities (Urban Local Bodies).
It added Part IX-A and the 12th Schedule to the Constitution.
It provides for three types of municipalities: Nagar Panchayats, Municipal Councils, and Municipal Corporations.
It added Part IX-A and the 12th Schedule to the Constitution.
It provides for three types of municipalities: Nagar Panchayats, Municipal Councils, and Municipal Corporations.
80.
GST (Goods and Services Tax) was introduced via:
View Answer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Explanation:
The 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016, paved the way for the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India.
It conferred concurrent taxing powers upon the Union and the States.
GST replaced various indirect taxes levied by the Central and State governments.
It conferred concurrent taxing powers upon the Union and the States.
GST replaced various indirect taxes levied by the Central and State governments.